Julia Ward Howe: More than the Battle Hymn :: Poet Julia Ward Howe Papers

Julia Ward Howe More than the Battle HymnMine Eyes have seen the coming of the Glory of the Lord. Almost effortlessly the rest of the familiar tune comes rolling off the tongue. The battle Hymn of the Republic, a traditional and powerful patriotic hymn, will undoubtedly remain that look for years to come. However is the average American able to place a face with that tune? Julia Ward Howe was the bright mind behind the Battle Hymn, alone she did not stop there. Howes life and poetry succeeded in meshing contrasting religions and beliefs, as well as strengthen and challenge the freedoms of women during her cartridge holder.In New York City, in the year 1819, Julia Ward was born into a strict Episcopalian Calvinist Family. Loosing her mother at a young age, Julia was raised by her father and an aunt. not long after her mothers death Julias father, a successful banker in the city, passed away, leaving Julia in the sole custody of her uncle. During her childhood she had been brought u p believing in the strict and conservative views of Calvinism. Julias mind was filled with the ideas and principles behind predestination and ramus logic, always encouraged to look for the hand of God first and then base everything else in decree off of the premises she was taught (30). After the death of her father, Julia began searching for deeper meaning. She went through an intense period of revival as she attended church and became more and more conglomerate with religious activities in the city. She soon began to notice, however, that men dominated this new conviction. Men wrote the sermons, men published the books, and men told her what she needed to do to become closer to God. concisely Julias strict Calvinist kick would end (48). Prompted by Mary Ward, Julia took a winter off from any outside influences to get her thoughts in order. After this time she began to read and research Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emersons introduction into Transcendentalism offered Julia the presence of God without the dominating male authority. Transcendentalism theory stressed the immanence of God and his active presence in everyones life. She agreed with the idea that the bible was not meant to be taken literally, but that ones own intuition could lead to an understanding of God. These new and radical views for her time, coupled with her Calvinist upbringing, seems like it would be the recipe for disaster.

John Steinbecks Experience and Writing Essay -- Authors

At the bestride of thirteen, most children are still nave to their future self-professions. However, in 1915, a boy at the mere age of thirteen was encouraged by his English teacher to become a writer (French 1). Unbeknownst to the teacher, the boy would arguably become a writer on equal terms to D.H. Lawrence, John Keats, or William Faulkner. The boy in question is John Steinbeck. Though Steinbecks era was a time of isolation and sorrow, surrounded by the economy and global conflicts the desperate times allowed many opportunities for Steinbeck. For example, he would intentionally immerse himself in unfavorable conditions that others experienced without a choice. In particular, the experiences with the Great feeling and World War II allowed John Steinbeck to change the world with a pen and paper. Perhaps the biggest influence in Steinbecks writing can be seen from his experiences of the Great mental picture while he lived in California. Before Steinbeck made his living as a wri ter, he would experience the world from various points of views as he worked jobs such as a surveyor, bricklayer, ranch hand, and a store clerk (John Steinbeck). Seeing the world from the perspective of a hard laborer allowed Steinbeck to frame his initial views that would become the basis for his early stories. The crisis that grasped California during 1930-1936 was the Dust Bowl, which according to a website dedicated to the great depression states a million acres of ploughland across the Plains became worthless due to severe drought and overfarming (Causes of). Because of the despairing situation, Steinbeck was able to experience the severity first hand on many occasions. In fact, in 1935, Steinbeck was allowed to spend a week in Weedpatch where a camp wa... ... to realize before it is too late. Works CitedBloom, Harold. John Steinbeck. New York Blooms Literary literary criticism, 2008. Print.Causes Of The Great Depression The Great Depression Causes, Effects, Timelines. Cau ses Of The Great Depression The Great Depression Causes, Effects, Timelines. Croft Communications. Web. 09 May 2012. French, Warren G. John Steinbecks Nonfiction Revisited. New York Twayne, 1996. Print.John (Ernst) Steinbeck. Contemporary Literary Criticism Select. Detroit Gale, 2008. Literature Resource Center. Web. 7 May 2012.Noble, Donald R. The Steinbeck Question New Essays in Criticism. Troy, NY Whitston Pub., 1993. Print.Tedlock, E. W., and C. V. Wicker. Steinbeck and His Critics. Albuquerque University of New Mexico, 1957. Print.Swisher, Clarice. Readings on John Steinbeck. San Diego, CA Greenhaven, 1996. Print.

Essay --

In this research paper we will introduce both cases that are cerebrate to the males that who are being harassed by females in the workplace. Complaints by men of women harassing them are much fewer because that men who feel powerless or hero-worship for their job security. Case I The Regal Entertainment Group is to pay $175,000 and other remedial relief to a sex charge discrimination guinea pig brought by the U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The firm was accused with subjecting a male employee to sexual harassment. The company was later to act against him and the supervisor who had tried and true to intervene. The EEOC had alleged that a male employee at the Regal theater had been subjected to a sexually hostile environment by a female co-worker who repeatedly grabbed his crotch. The EEOC alleged that when the then-general manager was informed of the incident by the supervisor she retaliated and failed to take the necessary measures to prevent or stop the haras sment. It was held that sexual harassment and retaliation for kvetch violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act 1964. Be...

Fit to be tied :: essays research papers

There atomic number 18 two types of human married and unmarried. Marriage is good and singleness is good too, but most of the people who are still single, of course want to shake up a spouse. But m some(prenominal) of them do so for wrong reason. There is such thing as a pressure from the outside of single ones life, says to them that theres something wrong with them which forces him/her to get into marriage. There are many married people who are lonely, but singles choose to join because of this wrong thinking, that they will be lonely no more. I agree with the author that ultimate peace, joy comes only from our Lord God. Another myth wherefore people, who have been wounded during childhood, marry is because they think their spouse will heal their brokenness. They seemingly look for spouses but actually they need healers. They will go into any available relationship, but eventually there is more pain. But singles should first face the problems that they experience, and then cho ose the partner very carefully. Marriage is overly not the guarantee to happiness, unless rescuer is the only center in the lives of both. And marriage is not for everyone. Well, if I will be single, then I can dismiss more hours with my Lord.When we have the buying mood we can buy very expensive car, just if it has a soft seat. People hate when somebody gives them advice they dont like, curiously if youre believer marrying unbeliever. They reject those advices, and eventually marry spiritually incompatible partners. Spiritual compatibility is very important you could share together the Greatest Treasure - Jesus Christ Lord. It causes a lot of problem if in the marriage each spouse has his own plan for each other, but only in Bible, we can visualize a single solution, a single blueprint for the marriage. It is very important when spouses face life problems both of them have common strength - prayer to God. just He can strengthen when very painful times come up. When you are aw ay from home you shouldnt worry what your spouse teaches your kids, to prevent that it is better to have spouse who will have the same Lord as you are. It is not enough just to be with the same belief, but it is very important withal to have spiritual oneness, where your ideas fit with your spouses ones.

How War was Portrayed in Beowulf :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

How War was Portrayed in BeowulfThe anonymous author of Beowulf can easily be construed as either arguing for or against fight in its basic form. However, on a deeper level, the author is giving a profound and perhaps comforting view of war during this time period. The author we know has a great respect for wyrd or fate. We know that the outcome of any engagement of war is already pre-ordained by the master so how could one argue for or against war when the general consensus was that there was really nothing to be done about it? The author is trying to enounce that war is a fact of life and no more in the command of man than the weather storms or rising and falling of the tides. In The bird of passage the author says of the warrior that fully fixed is his fate(Norton 100). There can be no meandering on the path of ones fate, no subject field his mindset or resolve. Beowulf also echoes this sentiment in the line Hrothgar was given success in warfare, glory in interlocking(Donal dson 4). Glory in battle is not something that is won or achieved. The virtues of success in battle and glory are not given out by lords, save but One. only(prenominal) the Almighty may bestow the honor and glories of battle. Another passage in Beowulf further reveals this idea. Then may Almighty God assign glory on whichever hand seems good to him. This reinforces the idea that fate controls all things but further asserts that the strength of both combatants has no real relevance to the outcome of battle which is distinguishable by the Almighty. This is not to say that any man on any day who is favor of God may achieve glory and renown by haplessly throwing himself into battle. We are shown in Beowulf that the only part of the battle left up to man is his courage and bravery. These virtues, which were held in such high esteem, can bring a man to the brink of victory and glory. His steadfastness seems a prerequisite to Gods favor. God does not reward cowardice as we see in the cas e of Unferth and the thanes of Beowulf save for Wiglaf in his final battle with the dragon. God rewards those who stand tall in the face of evil. Here is a passage to illustrate this taper found in Beowulf.

The Definition of Success :: Definition Essays

The Definition of SuccessOne has achieved mastery who has lived well and laughed often. This quote seems to sum up what is meant by success. If you ar able to laugh often and much then you shed definitely achieved happiness. The idea of living well, though, is a very broad statement. In order, then, to define success in relation to this statement, we must first define what it means to live well. There are three levels of success, in my opinion societal success, personal success, and schoolman or professional success. If someone can achieve all of these three levels of success, they are someone who has lived well.Societal success is something that is attained by aspiring to induce your own goals and dreams in cohorts with the goals that society has for us. Societal success also has a lot to do with the natural tendencies we as humans posses. The typical societal goals that we would by nature have for ourselves would be to meet someone, fall in love and get married. We are also a pt to identify having good friends with having achieved socially. We have achieved societal success, typically, if we have met the right person, lived happily, started a family and raised our children well. A part of societal success is also to learn to treat people well to practice the golden rule. We need to adjoin these goals that society has for us and attempt to achieve societal success in order to fill our need to belong to society and fit in as an every day, functioning member of society. We also realize the personal goals and dreams that we set for ourselves in this pursuit of conformity. Achieving this civic success, as you might call it, is only a small part of our venture to living well. own(prenominal) success is also a big part of living well. There is only one success . . . to be able to spend your life in your own way, and not to give others absurd maddening claims upon it. This quote by Christopher Morley describes what is really meant by personal success. Personal success has to do with being happy. One can only be truly happy if they are happy and secure with themselves. Personal success is intimately being yourself and not being afraid to do so. It is about not letting others dictate your life or make you feel that you have to mixture who you are.

Mystery of Free Will and Moral Responsibility

The Mystery of Free Will and deterrent example Responsibility We all seem to think that we make decisions on our own and present the world power to choose from making different decisions. We do what we want to do because it seems as if we have many options to choose from to be in control of our own destiny. The staple fibre question of the mystery of submit provide is that, Are we adequate to really make our own decisions or are the decisions we make already predetermined (with it organism inevitable of us making that certain decision)? Our futures seem to be undetermined and have an infinite amount of possibilities of which we are able to choose freely among. approximate of your life as a tend of forking avenues with severally path being a certain decision you make that affects your future. However, many philosophers study that the dissertation of determinism threatens this model of free entrust. If you may realize, determinism is the possible action that the world at any point in time is entirely fixed by the state of the universe at a prior time, in combination with the laws of nature.So the rationalness why this threatens the garden of forking paths model of free will is that how squeeze out we have so many options to choose when determinism has already chosen sensation for us? This leads us to a nonher central issue, which is Can free will and determinism co-exist? The two ways philosophers go around considering this question is either with a yes, they understructure co-exist or no, they cannot. If you were to believe that, yes, free will and determinism can co-exist, then you would be considered a compatibilist.Answering no, free will and determinism cannot co-exist, you would be considered an incompatibalist. Peter Van Inwagen, a prominent run into in the philosophy world, created the consequence argument. In his argument, Van Inwagen explains that if determinism is unbowed, then our acts are just a consequence of the laws of na ture and events in the remote unrivaledtime(prenominal). And since its not up to us what went on forward we were born nor what the laws of nature are, the consequences of these things (including our present acts) are not up to us (PowerPoint 1, Slide 23).In short, he explains that if determinism were to be unfeigned then no nonpareil would ever or has ever made a option on their own about anything. So if no one has power over the facts of the past and the laws of nature and that no one has the power of the fact that the facts of the past and laws of nature entail that only future is possible, therefore, no one has power over the facts of the future. To further demonstrate his reasoning of the consequence argument, Van Inwagen created the No filling Principle (NCP). In this example, let p = Plato died long before I was born. Let q = I never met Plato. Now, if I have no choice about p and no choice about the fact that (if p is true, then q is necessarily true. Therefore, I hav e no choice about q (PowerPoint 1, Slide 26). How can one have a choice about something that is inevitably going to happen if one has no choice about it fortuity? Van Inwagens consequence argument is based on the NCP. Now, if determinism and free will can co-exist (Compatibilism is true) then the No Choice Principle must be false (Remember, you would have no free will and no choice of q happening because it was never in your control to choose so).But, the NCP is not false, therefore the Compatibilism theory is not true and with this being said the free will thesis and theory of determinism cannot co-exist. I believe that free will is incompatible with determinism, but free will exists because the thesis of determinism is false. I choose this opinion because, going to back to the garden of forking paths model, if I come across a path with three forks in it I have the ability to not take one or two of those paths and have the ability to freely choose which path I would prefer to tak e.I know that I have the ability to choose because I can take either 3 paths, but I only choose to take the one which I desire most. Determinists may say that I took that path because it was inevitable. Whichever of the 3 paths I took, it would be inevitable that I took it. The reason why I believe in free will and not the coexistence of both free will and determinism, and determinism itself is because there is no way to prove something of happening inevitably in each occasion. Determinists could say that just about anything was inevitable of happening, whats their create?Mystery of Free Will and Moral ResponsibilityThe Mystery of Free Will and Moral Responsibility We all seem to think that we make decisions on our own and have the ability to choose from making different decisions. We do what we want to do because it seems as if we have many options to choose from to be in control of our own destiny. The basic question of the mystery of free will is that, Are we able to really mak e our own decisions or are the decisions we make already predetermined (with it being inevitable of us making that certain decision)? Our futures seem to be undetermined and have an infinite amount of possibilities of which we are able to choose freely among. Think of your life as a garden of forking paths with each path being a certain decision you make that affects your future. However, many philosophers believe that the thesis of determinism threatens this model of free will. If you may know, determinism is the theory that the universe at any point in time is entirely fixed by the state of the universe at a prior time, in combination with the laws of nature.So the reason why this threatens the garden of forking paths model of free will is that how can we have so many options to choose when determinism has already chosen one for us? This leads us to another central issue, which is Can free will and determinism co-exist? The two ways philosophers go about considering this question is either with a yes, they can co-exist or no, they cannot. If you were to believe that, yes, free will and determinism can co-exist, then you would be considered a compatibilist.Answering no, free will and determinism cannot co-exist, you would be considered an incompatibalist. Peter Van Inwagen, a prominent figure in the philosophy world, created the consequence argument. In his argument, Van Inwagen explains that if determinism is true, then our acts are just a consequence of the laws of nature and events in the remote past. And since its not up to us what went on before we were born nor what the laws of nature are, the consequences of these things (including our present acts) are not up to us (PowerPoint 1, Slide 23).In short, he explains that if determinism were to be true then no one would ever or has ever made a choice on their own about anything. So if no one has power over the facts of the past and the laws of nature and that no one has the power of the fact that the fact s of the past and laws of nature entail that only future is possible, therefore, no one has power over the facts of the future. To further demonstrate his reasoning of the consequence argument, Van Inwagen created the No Choice Principle (NCP). In this example, let p = Plato died long before I was born. Let q = I never met Plato. Now, if I have no choice about p and no choice about the fact that (if p is true, then q is necessarily true. Therefore, I have no choice about q (PowerPoint 1, Slide 26). How can one have a choice about something that is inevitably going to happen if one has no choice about it happening? Van Inwagens consequence argument is based on the NCP. Now, if determinism and free will can co-exist (Compatibilism is true) then the No Choice Principle must be false (Remember, you would have no free will and no choice of q happening because it was never in your control to choose so).But, the NCP is not false, therefore the Compatibilism theory is not true and with thi s being said the free will thesis and theory of determinism cannot co-exist. I believe that free will is incompatible with determinism, but free will exists because the thesis of determinism is false. I choose this opinion because, going to back to the garden of forking paths model, if I come across a path with three forks in it I have the ability to not take one or two of those paths and have the ability to freely choose which path I would prefer to take.I know that I have the ability to choose because I can take either 3 paths, but I only choose to take the one which I desire most. Determinists may say that I took that path because it was inevitable. Whichever of the 3 paths I took, it would be inevitable that I took it. The reason why I believe in free will and not the coexistence of both free will and determinism, and determinism itself is because there is no way to prove something of happening inevitably in every occasion. Determinists could say that just about anything was ine vitable of happening, whats their proof?

The Significance of Sibling and Peer interaction on Children

Within the field of electric s put one acrossr psychology much emphasis has been located on the alliance and interactions of mother and child (Harris, 1998 Pinker, 2002). This taste intends to highlight the signifi piece of assce of a nonher kind of interaction, that of the child and his/her siblings and lucifers, with the view to show how this personawrite of interaction can move over an impact on subsequent development. In the process, the essay will evaluate the seek carried out and the evidence gained within this area by way of life-sustaining analysis.As an added aid the essay will take examples from the died material Media Kit Part 1, Video Band 2 Zero to Hero as supplied by unsolved university (2006). The type of interaction mainly focused upon here is play as this is the catalysis by which young children, from toddler-hood onwards, engage with other children. Littleton and Mill (2005) recognize this type of interaction as important sites for development where new s kills can be acquired and tested out in ways that could not with adults.To help wear out define this type of relationship mingled with sibling and peers it is perhaps best to distinguish them from the other main type of relationship that children find blank spaceless in. Schaffer, (1996) uses the term vertical relationship to describe a type of relationship that is characterized by an inequality of accessible power and knowledge level amid adult and child. It is marked overly by a complementarily of roles whereby the child may ask for help and a parent or caregiver may offer it.This is in contrast to the horizontal relationship that is marked more so for its reciprocity and equality of social power and knowledge. A good example existence between two children of similar age. This peer relationship is similar in nature to hat of sibling relationships however as Schaffer (1996) notes, in this case the sibling relationship has the unique quality of being able to share both charac teristics of, on the atomic number 53 hand reciprocity, whereby siblings can co-operate successfully in play situations and on the other, a marked age divagation can see the older sibling as part time teacher and guide.This idea would have had its beginnings in the early social constructivism perspective. Bigotry (1986) purported the touch sensation that interaction and collaboration with peers equal and more capable, promotes learning and creates what he called a Zone of Proximal Development, where children of disparate abilities learn from each other. One of the methods they do this is by what Schaffer (2003) describes as scaffolding whereby support is offered for learning however the task is not simplified.The faculty to play with others has also been described as a skilled foreign accomplishment be bring forth of the complex skills involved, such as sensitivity to the needs of others, negotiation and conflict management skills (Littleton and Mill, 2005). But to play with p eople on must have the ability to Join in with others. In the video Zero to Hero supplied by Open University (2006), Professor Robert Winston lists certain factors that affect a childs ability to Join in with others including premature birth, shyness and laughter.Smith et al. , (1999) sees laughter as an important social signal for children within play fighting both for the child to use and for the child to show others meaning of it. Smith et al. , (1999) also cite the ability to regulate emotion, turn-taking skills and the ability to understand other persons point of view as important social skills, not Just added for successful social interaction but are actively developed and practiced in play situations.Open University (2006) illustrates these points by showing the use of continent experiments such as a version of the marshmallow experiment (Muscle, 1974) where a child is sat in front of a marshmallow and told that he/she can have double the amount if they can wait a specifie d time. Its been suggested from results that children able to wait or delay gratification are better able to control emotions and is a better indication of academic and social success in their teens than IQ scores.Also being able to hold back like this does increase a childs popularity In another example children of about three years are shown how to play Which hand is the coin in game where a person places a coin in one hand in full view of the child sitting opposite. The hand is then placed behind the back and both hands are re- presented closed for the child to guess which hand the coin is now in. Open University (2006) suggests that most children at this age cannot play this game from the alternative position as they weigh that the other person already knows which hand the coin is in.This idea could be seen to come from the Paginating concept of egocentrics whereby the childs dominance of their own perceptions leaves them unable to see things from anothers perspective. Pigged elucidated this aspect with his Three Mountains Task (Pigged and Inhaler, 1972) Counter to this however, Open University (2006) go on to show the child named Rubin as not only able to play the game, but also able to predict What other children will do. They imply the reason for this as a result of his home life dynamic.Here, Rubin lives with his two brothers and all have different fathers suggesting a lot of interaction with different types of people but mainly that play with his siblings is significant. This emphasis on sibling interaction as a cause for Robins advancement, when held up against Piglets stage theory of intellectual development (in Dates, Cheesy and Wood, 2005), suggests that early and sustained interaction with siblings can contribute to a change in usual developmental cognitive structures.This assumption is arrived at through the underlying nature of any stage theory where, by definition imply distinct boundaries between stages where independent processes take pl ace (Amounts, 2009). Piglets theory places Robins changes as occurring by the end of his second, Pre-operational stage or at the beginning of his Concrete operational stage where the child is moving away from egocentric thinking. The age put on this stage of development is around six years, notably different from Robins three.In another study by Dunn (1988), children from a very young age were shown to have the ability co-operate with each other and engage in complex types of play such as fantasise play whereby other identities were taken on requiring different forms of language (Corsair, 1986). Dunn (1988) even showed that children as young as eight months were able to share and recognize the inclination of a sibling and by fourteen months had the ability to co-operate in anothers goals. However, the idea that examples can be found that find children performing better then Pigged would have originally predicted is not something new.Donaldson Hiding the Policeman experiment is a c ase in point (Donaldson and Hughes, 1978), as are other examples (Miscarriage and Donaldson, 1974 Light et al. , 1979). The intent of this essay at this point however, is not to argue the individual merits of Paginating theory, for even Donaldson criticisms can be regarded as an enhancement of the theory rather than a dismissing out of hand. It can be suggested that her argument is based on childrens reasoning being regarded as more sophisticated then first proposed, with the emphasis now to be placed within the social context for which a situation occurred, I. . That things make human sense to the child (Dates et al. , 2005). Instead the point here is to show that by using this prestigious developmental approach that the significance of peer and sibling interaction can be more clearly en. For it should also be noted that Pigged himself valued this cognitive development aspect of peer relationships, referring to it as socio-cognitive conflict where he argued that these interactions exposed the child to conflicting views from people who were of equal status to themselves thus motivating a rethink of their own understandings.The power imbalance of adults interactions lends to this (Dates et In light of what has been said so far it could be argued that peer and sibling relationships contribute to advancement in cognitive and social skills. However, as Cantor et al. (1999) warns that social competence should not be conceived as a static set of abilities and that other factors in the childs environs should also be considered to contribute too childs development.And so taking again our real life example Rubin, one would expect that his advanced developmental and social skills would lead too socially more successful life. To the contrary Rubin was reported by almost half his class (and later by assessment) as displaying pretty anti-social behaviors. One reason Open University (2006) gives for this is a lack of concentration, which, it is hoped, will be remedied wi th fish oil supplements. The second reason, it is suggested is partly due to instability within the home environment.Robins mother is pregnant and this is causing tensions with her partner. The point to be drawn from this however, is that although play and interaction with siblings and peers is important for a childs development it should not be taken as a prescription for normal or healthy patterns of development (Schaffer, 1996) at least by western industrialized standards. Instead a more holistic approach should be adopted with regard to the multi-dimensional dynamic of a persons developmental thaw from birth to maturity.Perhaps a good instance to consider would be Sombreros (1987) Transactional model of development. There are limitations however of psychologists accounts in this area. One such being the lack of research and evidence into the ever growing use of new technologies by young people when engaging in social activity. Maybe (2003) notes that the prevalence of mobile ph one use has created an environment that allows for young people to have twenty-four hour contact with each other without parental interference thus, providing a greater level of retirement and independence.However, it would also be noted that Dunn (2004) has valued this privacy aspect of friendship in early interactions as it aids young people in ciphering out the intricate balance of power and status between people as well as giving them experience in relationships different from that which they share with their parents. This could also be construed as the beginnings of independence. Another limitation is that the majority of the research noted here has been carried out in westernizes societies.

Boy in Striped Pyjamas and Rose Blanche essay

John Boone represents the different perspectives of society in World War II through the representations of characters in the fictional novel The Boy in striped Pajamas. Brunts childlike perspective is represented through his malapropism of the Fury and Out-With and his reaction to unexpected events, mouth making the shape of an O. The irony of Brunts narrow view, its so inequitable Confronts the sense of hearing with the ignorance of some German citizens to the horrific events of the Holocaust.The characters of Mother ND Grandmother are utilized by Boone to represent the differing perspectives of the society during the Holocaust. Grandmother exercises constructive noncompliance in dissenting with the national socialist regime and perceiving Fathers role as a puppet on a string. This is juxtaposed to Brunts Mother through the euphemism of Bruno had neer known anyone to need quite so many medicinal Sherries showing her complacency to do nothing about the knowledge of the concentra tion camp. Boone positions an older audience to see the dangers of naivety and the cost of inaction.Rose equilibrize composed by Robert impeccant juxtaposes the main protagonist to others in the picture book, representing the differing perspectives during the Holocaust. The purpose of the text is established by the motif of Rose positioned behind a window, symbolizing her separation from the evil of the Nazi regime. A single bright color is utilized throughout the text, which Innocent uses to juxtapose the dominant influence of Rose Balance and the Nazi regime. Innocents use of the ironic statement, wars being, people often cheer confronts a modern audience who recognizes the historical horrors of war.The foreshadowing of seasons winter was coming at the being of the book develops into a symbol of hope after the protagonist is killed and spring takes over. The French translation of Balance connotes the innocence and purity of the protagonist however the audience soon recognizes R oses loss of innocence as her bow is lost. The responders are forced to distinguish the evil of the Nazi party from the protagonist whom Innocent represents as a symbol of the innocence and humanity.The Boy in Striped Pajamas and Rose Balance are both tragic representations of innocence through the confronting atrocities of the Holocaust. However, The Boy in Striped Pajamas allows the reader to explore different notions while Rose Balance is a stark representation of the horrors of war. Boone blurs the boundaries amongst innocence and ignorance through the perspective of Bruno as he pretends he hasnt heard the true about his friend Samuel and the concentration camp.

Belonging Notes Essay

Different environment& atmosphere contributes to our thought of be. Adapting after a while strengthens the sense of belonging, knowing the place a bit, aspect comfortable. Shifting back to civilization, feels out of place, non belonging, shifting in with different surrounding. Upbringing places a part in our sense of belonging Technology-internet-find someone with the corresponding interest and sense of belonging kicks in. E.g. Facebook, Twitter, Bebo, Myspace. Perspective of early(a)s shifts our sense of belonging Obstacles and struggling creates a feel of not belonging and break apart a sense of security. Enjoyment and change of attitude (positive) helps build sense of belonging. After being placed in a different place, conditions, our experience alters our sense of belonging compositors case Going on holidays and returning home, takes a period of time to feel the feeling of belonging again. Preparation doesnt help with the sense of belonging. Being long-familiar to the c ounselling and knowing the comfort zone (when you are at a place you fathert know/never been to) supports sense of belonging. Stereotype media sufferance only through appearance- determining whether you belong or not. belong is a choice. Knowledge and stereotype makes others feel like they hold outt belong. No impulse to change belonging Belonging is a journey Individuals dont feel like they belong due to self and the desire to not change. Belonging is everywhere, what you wear makes you belong to a certain brand, it all comes down to you whether you want to belong& who wants you to belong. Remember along with belonging there is always isolation that follows. Responses Stronger responses shows the family/ significant between texts. Why do people do the things? REPRESENATION e.g. why does the characters do those works/ Why has the author/ artist/ producer make or mapping certaintechniques instead of the others. * Choice of language, form, features and structure shape the m eaning and influence responses. The choices are affluent by a composers sense of belonging. How is the thought of belonging conveyed through the text, people, relationships, ideas, places, events and society? Does it make a difference where the character belongs? Share some values of feelings -understanding a world in a different way shape in a peculiar way, different society- assumption to being Australian. Possibility present by a sense of belonging or not belongingPerception How an individual perception of belonging or not can vary, is shaped by his/her personal, cultural, historical and social context.ASPECTS OF BELONGING Experiences Notion of individualism operator Relationship Acceptance UnderstandingFORMULA TO ANSWER QUESTIONS Identify Exemplify Explain ExtrapolateSHORT STORY Do not abuse the concept of belonging too strongly Dont use the word belonging Exclusion, acceptance, struggle Keep it simple, focus on the concept IMAGERY- BOLD, fanciful COMBINATIONS TO ACHIEVE OR IGINALITY Simile, metaphor or personification SHOW DONT TELL Short story-hook ratifier in the first two lines, straight into action Explode a moment, two characters, one setting READ SHORT STORIES Turning point-climax-should not be death-with too quick-carefully state the relationship. TWIST&A yarn Dramatic beginning AVOID-irrelevant background info on your character Character should be revealed through dialogue and actors. Avoid lots of internal dialogue utilization experience of own Close to own world-reflect truth (you can utilize jargon to add a little touch of truth.) Use paragraphs AVOID bray (genre) &Fantasy YOU HAVE 40 minutes to WRITE A DECENT STORY Allow the audience to add to the story DO NOT abide ON THE PLOT YOU WANT TO SHOW BELONGING Recommended to be 4 PGS Note The creative writing section to Paper One does not induce to be a narrative.EXAM Have at least two great storylines YOU CAN TWIST to suit any(prenominal) type of belonging questions. memory a story can be risky especially if you walk into the exam and through the reading time, you might have a panic attack. disk operating system & DONTs Let the Q drive and shape your response Blend your understanding of belonging with the question DONT put the questions in your introduction thesis or statement throughout response A MUST Use the text to support or challenge the thesis or concepts SPECIFIC payoff+ ATTITUDE/ANGLE/ARGUMENT=THESIS What you plan to argue +how you plan to argue it=THESIS DO NOT RE-COUNT OR RE-TELL TEXT ANALYSIS& prise TEXT NO OPINION FOR READERSESSAY STUFF1. Thesis-map guide reader2. Connection between text, comparison or pattern3. Techniques and contrasts4. Use cohesive devices E.g. similarity, by contrast, parallel5. Use topic sentences6. Support all statement with references to text7. Vocab for belonging the better your vocab and structure contributes to an AWESOME MARKS8. Quotes + short quotes support what you say, dont put any quotes that does not support t hesis. (Short quotes are best, try to integrate them in your sentence& they are easier to remember itll provide the flow for the reader/marker when they are reading. Remember they are reading a trillion PAPERS with some hideous handwriting.)Related piecesFILM JUST pass ONE PART OR SECTION TO ANALYSIS PICK TEXT THAT MAKES READER STAND UP-FIND OWN Integrate the HOW techniques+ make it personal Dont try to write everything down capture key points 3-5 related pieces recommended BUT THREE SHOULD BE MORE THAN ENOUGHThings to remember when choosing your related texts Try and discover a variety of different types. E.g. If you are doing a novel, go searching for a visual piece such as a film or artwork or a picture book. E.g. Frida Kahlo, Kathe Kollwitz. QUALITY Do something that you know not many people will do YOU WANT TO STAND come on OF THE CROWD and show the markers you know your stuff. Make sure you can connect your text to belonging REMEMBER it does not have to be similar to you r appointed text as long as it has some sort of representation of belonging. Does it play your strength? Try to do something you are passionate or evoke in. You will do so much better. DO NOT FORGET YOUR THESISSHORT ANSWERS Be Specific Can capitalize on other answers to answer another question. WRITE ACCORDING TO MARKS if it id worth two marks DONT write HALF A PAGE TIMING- symmetry In this section LOOK for anything that symbolizes a connection, affiliation, relationship AND OF COURSE BELONGING Main questions are HOW? & WHAT?11 points concerning belonging1. Family2. Friends3. Belonging to place/national identity4. Race5. Religion6. Political7. Profession8. Lifestyle9. Learn spirit& shared identityWhen studying for English. HAND WRITE TIME yourself Find a quiet environment where you will not be disturbed for a certain time. PRACTICE Break down the paper if you want Get any questions on Belonging pick up your pen and WRITE&WRITE The teachers are there for a REASON SO USE THEM- this goes for all subjects If you dont understand something shovel your hand up in the air, it is likely that others dont understand it too OR chase after them at recess/lunch. Place quotes around the house like a crazy person on colorful cardboard and stick them around the house WHERE YOU spot you will always see them. When you have time do not leave it to the last minute. Grab your notes out and start cutting it down. It is a slayer when you have to do it A WEEK before the actual HSC exams. If you know your stuff, you should be confident in crashing and burning the HSC AOS English paper

Blackpool: the Las Vegas of Lancashire?

Blackpool is the original seaside destination and a model for other hotspots like Coney Island and Atlantic urban center (Jerde Partnership, 2003). Blackpool still remains the largest seaside recur in the UK but since the 1990s Blackpool has experienced a 30% drop in touristry (Jerde Partnership, 2003). Blackpool Borough Council commissioned EDAW together with experienced architects The Jerde Partnership to prep atomic number 18 a masterplan for central Blackpool. The need for the masterplan was clear, to transform the seaside resort from slow and steady decline to a future of possible and sustained growth (EDAW, 2003).This report looks at where Blackpool has come from, where it is now and where it hopes to be. It allow for evaluate the effectiveness of Blackpools strategy, examining the expectations and demands of the stakeholders. If will also examine the support of the proposed actions plans by the stakeholders and the local club.HistoryBlackpool takes its name from le pul l, a stream which drains Marton Mere and Marton Moss into the sea. The stream runs with peat lands which discolour the water hence the name Black Poole (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). In the later(a) 1700s Blackpool was frequented by the landed gentry following a national craze for sea bathing and the drinking of seawater (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). The building of the Preston and Wyre railway in 1840 resultd garish excursion trains to Blackpool from industrial Lancashire, making Blackpool a destination for thousands of visitors from Lancashire and Yorkshire.By the late 1800s Blackpools visitors were predominately the working classes from Lancashire and Yorkshire rather than the gentry. Blackpool was seen as the Playground of the Industrial Revolution a town that grew juicy on traditional Wakes Weeks (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). The development of the resorts entertainment attractions began in the 1890s to provide facilities for the 35,000 resident tribe togeth er with approximately 250,000 annual visitors (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). Illuminated trams were commencement ceremony seen in Blackpool in 1897 as part of the Jubilee celebrations but static illuminations did not appear until 1912 (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003).BASELINE DATABlackpool has high levels of accessible and economic deprivation. Blackpool was ranked 32nd on the index of multiple deprivation out of 354 districts in England in 2000 (ODPM, 2003). Seven of Blackpools wards are in the 10% most deprived in England, this equates to 32% of Blackpools population (approximately 40,000 people). Tourism continues to be the major employer in the region, 88% of employment is in the service sphere of influence, linked to tourism and leisure. Blackpool has a lower gross domestic production (7,383 per head) than Liverpool (9,352 per head), which has European Objective 1 status. Blackpools small manufacturing sector, accounts for 10% of jobs, has suffered a decline in recent years.Local specialisms are in vehicles, food and drink and plastics, with across the country known firms including TVR Sports Cars, Horizon Biscuits and Glasdon UK Ltd. Blackpool is also an important administrative centre, accommodating large national and regional office headquarters such as the National nest egg (Ernie) and the Department of Social Security (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). Despite this Blackpool has lacked major investment and is very run down with a large number of houses, hotels and guesthouses in multiple barter (HMO), particularly for benefit claimants. It also has very forgetful sea water quality and polluted beaches.Blackpools population has risen from 473 in 1801 to 3,707 in 1861, by 1901 it had reached 47,348 and 101,553 by 1931. The population of Blackpool has now steadied at around 150,000. With a population of 4,366 per km, Blackpool is much(prenominal) densely populated than Liverpool or Manchester. Outside of London, only Portsmouth is more den sely populated (Blackpool Challenge Partnership, 2002). Blackpool has a high proportion of economically inactive people with 27.8% of the population retired compared with 18.9% nationally and 5.3% unemployment compared to a UK average of 3.3% (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). There are also between 2,000 and 3,000 homeless people in Blackpool (Blackpool Challenge Partnership, 2002).In 1989 a national survey found that 4,190,000 holidaymakers stayed in the resort and 12,590,000 people came on day or evening trips (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). Over the years there has been a significant shift in holiday patterns with more people using self-catering fitting and many more people visiting the resort for day or evening trips or short breaks (Blackpool Borough Council, 2003). The bulk of visitors come from social groups C & D (manual skilled and non-skilled) with limited disposable income with the majority still coming from Lancashire, Yorkshire and Scotland.THE WAY FORWARD BLACKPOO LS OPTIONS* Do nothing (product continues to decline)* Upgrade existing facilities (prolong product life wheel but remain in same merchandise area)* Radical change (move into ascendant market area with new product)BLACKPOOLS VISION AND MASTERPLANBlackpool will be recognise as a vibrant, inclusive, healthy, safe and prosperous town where visitors and residents share the common goal of Blackpool being the number one visitor destination in the UK (BCP, 2003)If Blackpool is to expire and prosper, it must find ways in which it can once again become internationally competitive as a destination resort. (Marc W. Etches, Managing Director, Leisure Parcs Ltd)Stakeholder Expectations.The tonality stakeholder groups for the renaissance of Blackpool are public bodies, private sector organisations and members of the public & community groups. The following identifies some of the principal members of the stakeholder groupsPublic Bodies* Blackpool Borough Council* The Blackpool Challenge Pa rtnership (also the Borough L.S.P)* North-West exploitation Agency/Lancashire West Partnership* The European Union* The Government (SRB) and Government Office for the North-West* North-West Tourist Board & English Tourism Council* Blackpool & Fylde College* The free rein Review Board* Lancashire ConstabularyPrivate Sector* Banking industry* Blackpool Airport* Blackpool Chamber of Trade* Blackpool Pleasure Beach* Blackpool Seasonal Traders Association* Blackpool Town middle meeting place* Casino Resort Operators* Conference organisers* Construction companies* Consultants (to develop & deliver proposals)* Entertainment industry* Holiday operators & travel agents* ICT industry* Leisure Parcs (owners of Blackpool Tower, the Sea life Centre, the Three Piers and the Wintergardens)* Local & national press* Service industry (hotels, catering)* Transport industryCommunity Groups/Members Of The Public* Blackpool Coalition against Gaming Expansion* Blackpool Diocese* be visitors to Black pool* Future new visitors to Blackpool* Population of BlackpoolThese groups will comprise mainly those with an interest in developing the new Blackpool product (supply side) and those which will constitute the demand for the Blackpool product. However, market competitors will also be less direct stakeholders in Blackpool these could include competitor resort casino operators (Las Vegas, Australias Gold Coast, Sun City) and other mini-break destinations (Center Parcs, Euro Disney, Amsterdam, Dublin etc.) and UK weekend-break destinations (Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle, London etc.)Since achieving the new Blackpool product will require huge and comprehensive changes to the physical and economic make-up of the borough, the process will require both a clear great deal and a robust business plan, supported by the many stakeholders. Moreover, it will require a credible leader with the necessary skills, experience drive and stopping point to realise the vision. There are likely to be significant obstacles to achieving the new Blackpool, therefore a strong leader will essential in nightclub to retain the support and enthusiasm of all the projects varied stakeholders.In order to gain extensive stakeholder support for the new Blackpool, their (probably) disparate expectations must be value and subsequently acted upon. Once stakeholders have been identified, a process of consultation should take place to discover what they want Blackpool to be. This will inform the visioning exercise and if stakeholder views are acted on, uphold in building consensus. With a large range of stakeholders, it would be appropriate to adopt a flexible and multi-faceted approach to consultation different methods (exhibitions, listening events, newspaper articles, management groups, public meetings, questionnaires) would be geared to the natures of the various stakeholders.In reality, this is what Blackpool has done. The lead organisation for the project, The Blackpool Masterplan, is the Blackpool Challenge Partnership (since 2002 also the Local Strategic Partnership LSP for the Borough). The key financial backing for driving the Masterplan forward through development and on to delivery is 20,000,000 of SRB6, secured in late 2000 and X million in EDZ money from the European Union, secured in 2001. As part of the bid process, the partnership undertook a significant amount of consultation via the Lets Talk Campaign. This included* A 2-page questionnaire prepared by the Blackpool Town Centre Forum and sent out to more than 500 shops, pubs, clubs, banks and building societies (results indicated that 91% of respondents supported the Masterplan)* Focus groups and telephone canvassing of a random sample of 600 local people, undertaken by a specialist market research consultancy* Meetings with specific groups (e.g. churches, youth organisations).Since securing the SRB6 funding, a comprehensive package of projects are being developed and delivered to bring broad social and economic benefits to Blackpool, as well as the development of the Vision Masterplan.The trade Plan. (2 Vision Statements which is confusing)The Vision statement is that Blackpool will be a Vibrant, comprehensive Healthy, Safe and Prosperous Town. As with many municipal vision statements, this in my opinion, is both vague and all encompassing and therefore not particularly useable (no measurable targets, so how do you know how to get there?). However, it gives a positive message which few stakeholders are likely to disagree with. The vision aims to provide a better quality of life for people in Blackpool by revitalising the tourism industry.The key strands for realising this vision are* Building state of the art assemblage facilities* Radically improving the hotel offer (more quality 3 and 4 star hotels)* Revamping existing attractions and revitalising the entertainment offer* Creating an internationally recognised centre for tourism and casino training* Tackling crime, espe cially burglary and car crime* Improving the health of people in Blackpool through a range of initiatives* Improving education outcomes and community learning opportunities.Building on existing physical and social regeneration funded through SRB2, the new Blackpool would be achieved through a series of projects and thematic activities. However, at the centre of the regeneration design is the aim to improve the quality of life for local people by increasing local economic growth through enhanced tourism activity. And the hub of this plan is the proposal to create a purpose built conference centre and resort casino in the centre of Blackpool.Marketing Objectives.The Masterplan sets out the marketing approach for Blackpool. Since this has been developed through extensive consultation with stakeholders, it would seem fair to say it reflects the broad wishes of most stakeholders (even the Blackpool Diocese). Obvious objectors would be the anti- gaming lobbyists. The Masterplan sets out how radical physical changes coupled with capital investment will transform the town, making it attractive to new market sectors (i.e. visitors who will spend more money.So although Blackpool has undergone notable economic regeneration and diversification during the past decade, by SRB2 funding, the economy is still largely dependent on tourism (Source?) . However, with the current tourism offer in decline, the Blackpool product will need to undergo change in order to prosper(Source?) . Given that the town has so much existing experience and nucleotide based around tourism, the obvious theme for economic regeneration would be to deliver an improved tourism offer that meets current market demand, therefore deliverance more money into the town.This is exactly what Blackpool is doing instigating a comprehensive, economic regeneration programme, led by tourism. This is complemented by two further themes of physical improvements and to benefit the socially excluded sector of Blackpo ols population. The latter would be principally around housing, health, education, training and entry to employment.Set out in the Blackpool Masterplan, the hub of the vision for the new Blackpool product is the development of 3 (?) resort casino hotels with associated purpose built conference facilities as well as broad appeal leisure facilities. These would include shops, restaurants, cafs, bars, cinemas, theatres and a large leisure pool. Since poor weather is currently a visitor deterrent, these facilities would be covered to allow for all year round use. Moreover, covered links are proposed to key existing attractions, such as the Pleasure Beach funfair.Access issues have already been partially addressed. In 1995 the new Blackpool Airport terminal building was opened and rider number increased from 50,000 in 2002 to a projected 250,000 in 2003. This increase is principally due to the introduction of daily Ryanair flights to London Stansted and Dublin. Part of the forward progra mme of improvements are safer car parks and a modernised tram system.Bit more on resort casinosAssociated economic benefits in BlackpoolAssociated economic benefits to the region exact analysis of the Blackpool MasterplanSTRENGTHSWEAKNESSES* Blackpool product radically transformed* Broad stakeholder support* Builds on existing strengths* Comprehensive regeneration package(economic, physical and social elements)* The product would be first of its kind in UK* Proposals too radical?* Timescale issues* Funding issues* No casino operator secured* New gambling bill not enacted until 2006 at the earliest* prep issues* Old Blackpool image might remain will new market sectors want to come to Blackpool?What happens if the gaming laws dont change?Blackpool Council leader Roy Fisher has stated that We remember the relaxation of the gaming laws will happen, which is why were trying to harness the positive potential of that development now. However, casinos are just one facet of the wide rangi ng swig masterplan that includes building a host of other new attractions and facilities. Rest assured, the council is absolutely committed to a major programme of regeneration for Blackpool. With or without casinos, we are find that Blackpool will be transformed once again into a destination of truly national and international calibre. (Blackpool Today, 2003). In addition to this the Jerde Partnership (2003) acknowledge that the gaming reforms are an important ingredient in Blackpools strategy but they are not required for successCOMPETITORSU.K.* Seaside resorts (e.g. Southport, Lytham, Brighton, Scarborough)* City-break destinations (e.g. Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, London)* Mini-break destinations (e.g. Centre Parcs)* Conference centres (e.g. Harrogate, Brighton, Bournemouth)* Theme put (e.g. Alton Towers, Lightwater Valley, Legoland, Chessington)* Hen & Stag destinations (e.g. Nottingham, Chester, York, Newcastle)Abroad.* Casino resorts (e.g. Las Vegas, Sun City, Gold Coast )* Theme Parks (Euro Disney, Disneyworld Orlando, Disneyland Los Angeles)* Package holiday destinations (e.g. Spain, Greece, Tenerife, Florida)* Conference destinations in other European cities* Hen & Stag destinations (e.g. Dublin, Amsterdam, Prague, Barcelona)CONCLUSIONS* Blackpool needs radical change since the present product , principally a tourism offer, is at the end of its lifecycle and in serious decline* New product / new market* Comprehensive marketing plan* Balance of realism and informed risk taking

Men Who Can’t Handle The Mice Essay

In the novel of Mice and Men, George has to make a very hard decision. Lennie and George are very good friends, and they do everything together. When Lennie accidentally kills Curleys wife, George has to make a decision for himself and for what is best for Lennie. Lennie trusts George and does whatever he asks, which made it harder for George to take Lennies manners without Lennie understanding why.George is very careful and always thinks close to the things he does before them. In this situation George had to help his friend by killing him to prevent him from living in a jail sell or dying slowly. Curley said that if he finds Lennie, he would shoot him in the stomach, so he would go against painfully and slow. When Candys dog was shot he told George that he regretted letting a stranger shoot his dog and that he should have done it himself. George did the right thing by shooting Lennie, and doing it with love. Doing this is keeping his shout to Aunt Clara by taking care of him an d killing him so he is now still.There really is non anything left for Lennie his dream is pretty oftentimes not going to happen so what is Lennie going to be looking forward to in this world. If George did not kill Lennie, and just let him go free and hide in the forest forever, Lennie would have died. Lennie could not take care of himself for that long and survive off making his own food and being alone. He would feel abandoned and not know what to do. If George had ran away with him, everyone would think that he was in on the murder and they would both be killed. Their dreams are ruined and Lennie would never really understand what he did. George would also be accused of something he did not do.George made the right decision because there was nothing left for Lennie. The image on buying a property is over with and Lennie would not know what to dream about or what to look forward to in the future. Lennie died happy and George told him that he could tend the rabbits in heaven a nd he would be happy. The fact that George did it meant a lot, that he had to let his best friend go and his character showed when he did it himself. George knew that Lennie did not mean to do it and when he killed Lennie, he told him he was not mad.Lennie was so large that he could kill things so easily without meaning too. It was not his fault, simply it was becoming a problem. If George did not kill Lennie, he does not know who else Lennie could kill on accident. This hurl other peoples lives in danger and Lennies, so George distinguishable to let him die in peace when he is happy, and not when things become worse.George shot Lennie in the back of the head so Lennie would not feel anything, and would die instantly. It shows that George did not shoot Lennie for himself, because he hesitated at the trigger. In this type of situation anyone would do the same thing. George practically raised Lennie and know he has to kill him, this is credibly the hardest thing he will ever do.The refore, George did the right thing by killing his best friend and having to do it himself. It shows that when someone loves another and they are put in a position where they have to kill their friend, and it was the only way they would be in peace, they would do whatever it took for their happiness. In the end Lennie was free and George was lonely, plainly he knew he did the right thing. George will never forget Lennie, but now George can settle down and start a new chapter of his life and have a family.

Narrative Essay – a Scary Experience

We had chicken breast for lunch t Helvetica and then we left to our respective homes. It was early summer. So I went to sleep afterwards a shower and didnt wake up coin bank 9 p. M. My Parents were leaving for pappas business tour to Delhi and they wont be O.K. for at least two weeks. My sister and I were quite happy about the fact that we mess do whatever we want for two whole weeks. I was planning to stay awake till late night and watch movies. But little did we know that we were going to regret these feelings later. Mom and Dad left around 11. So it was only me and my elder Sister Sees In the whole apartment.Its a terce storied old apartment building with only integrity unit per floor. But the apartments are unfeignedly big considering they have almost 2500 sq feet space. Our apartment has four bed suite, two Verandas, one dining agency, one drawing path, one kitchen and 3 washrooms. My sister and I shared a common washroom between our rooms where our parents room and t he guest room had an attached washroom. So right after our parents left. I went back to my room and started watching this movie called The matrixand Sees was talking to her admirer on phone. A quarter passed midnight when iris hear it.A knock in my penetration. I fantasy it was Sees so I did not bother to open up right away. Then I heard It again . This time louder and harder than before. I was both annoyed and a bit angry because I was really enjoying the movie. So I went rushing to the admittance and opened it. It was funny as I found no one orthogonal my door. At first I thought Sees was trying to play a prank on me so I went to her room which was around 20 Ft away from my room and her door was closed. When I went inside , I found her evasiveness on her bed talking to her friend loudly as usual. And she looked at e with a question in her eyes. Asked her In a loud pap Why did you knock so hard on my door? What do you want? This Isnt funny you know. She told her friend to ho ld for a second and asked me what I was talking about. When I told her again she replied angrily that she was talking with friend all the time and didnt even get up from her bed. ostensibly didnt believe her and asked her to stay away. She then gave me the phone and her friend confirmed she was talking with her. Left without prolonging the argument end the door loudly. And I went back to watch my movie. Then it happened again after half an hour.First a quell knock and then attended by loud and hard knocks on my door. This time I almost ran towards the door determined to catch Sees pap on the act scarcely found no one outside again. But I didnt waste my time standing there. I kept on running towards Sees paps room 1 OFF Ana Tuna near again lying on near Dead stillness talking to near Eternal . Eater another neaten discussion Sees Pap decided to follow me back to my room and talk there on phone. She said, Naval Obviously you are not accept me when I am telling you I have not oft my room or my bed.So I am going to your room now so you cant blame me anymore. I agreed silently but still did not believe her. So I started watching my movie or what was left of it after all these interruption and arguments while Sees pap was lying on my bed now talking to her friend on phone. After ten more minutes the knocking started again. And then it got louder and louder until the door started shaking. Sees looked startled. I wasnt lamentable from my chair either. We looked at each other and finally realized that both of us were not lying to catheter.

Mark Twain, the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay

In the novel by acknowledge Twain, The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn, the two main characters, huckaback and Jim, are strongly linked. Their relation is portrayed by various sides, slightly of them good and some others bad. But the essential interest of that relation is the way that uses the reason to describe it. til now if he had often been misunderstood, Twain always implied a message behind the themes developed around huckaback and Jim. The first encounter between huck Finn and Jim is at the beginning of the book, when hucks supporter, Tom Sawyer, tries to tantalize Jim, get aside Watsons slave. huckaback and Jim still dont know each other, but huck isnt biased against the old slave. Its an important point because, as racism was a wide held mentality in the South, we can learn that that young boy was more plainspoken-minded than most peck there. Later, they find themselves in the same website. As they were escaping from the civilized world, they take refuge in the Jacksons Island, on the little girlissippi river. Huck is running away from a bad father and Jim has leaved Miss Watson because he didnt want to be sold to New Orleans.Look morehuck finn chapter 20 essaySoon after joining Jim on the island, Huck begins to realize that Jim has more talents and knowledge than Huck has been aware of. Jim knows all kinds of signs about the future, peoples personalities, and weather forecasting. Huck finds this kind of information necessary as he and Jim drift down the Mississippi on a raft. As important, Huck feels a comfort with Jim that he has not felt with the other major characters in the novel. With Jim, Huck can venerate the best aspects of his foregoing influences. Jims meaning to Huck changes as they proceed through their adventure.He starts out as an extra person solely to take on the journey, but they transform into a friend. It was 15 minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger. (chap. XV) Huck tries t o profess on Jim but cant because he remembers that Jim called him de bes fren I ever had de ony dis saturation genlman dat ever kep his promise to ole Jim. (chap. XVI) Huck realizes that he can not turn Jim in since they two act as runaway outcasts on the river. The support they have for each other sprouts friendship. As does the Widow, Jim allows Huck security, but Jim is not as confining as is the Widow.Like Tom Sawyer, Jim is in proclaimigent but his intelligence is not as intimidating or as imaginary as is Toms. As does Pap, Jim allows Huck exemption, but he does it in a loving, rather than an uncaring, fashion. Thus, early, in their relationship on Jacksons Island, Huck says to Jim, This is nice. I wouldnt want to be nowhere else but here. This feeling is in mark contrast with Hucks feelings concerning other people in the early part of the novel where he always is uncomfortable and wishes to leave them. The lack of comfort is also shared by Jim. As a slave, he truly feels like an outcast.Considering the context of the United States at that period, during the slavery conflict, we easily understand the situation of Jim. And one of the main ideas of this Mark Twains masterpiece deals with a multiracial couples story. The relationship between black and colour was hardly accepted in the 1830s. Such an adventure, two young-begetting(prenominal) characters, with opposite colour of skin, striking up a friendship, was considered as a provocation by the society. The author knows that very well and will try, through his two heroes, to denounce the drifting of the Nation.Irony is his main gun against that obscurantism. He uses it as often as possible. For instance, on chapter XIV, Huck tries to explain to Jim why a Frenchman is a man, even if he speaks differently. The ironical feature comes from the circumstance that this black slave doesnt understand the par of all people, whereas himself isnt considered equal by the white. Besides, another ironical aspec t is that we think first, in that chapter, that the white boy will civilize the black man whereas well discover further that it is the contrary.First person brings the subscriber a more innocent side of the story, so the reader feels more compassion for the small boy. The exemplary image falls into play between Huck and Jim, en trash is what people is dat puts vulgarism on de head er dey frens en makes em ashamed (chap. XV), this made Huck open his eyes for the first time in his life. Jim for the first time shows feelings for Huck and lets him know you dont treat people who care for you like trash. This makes Huck aware that Jim means more to him than just someones slave, he now considers him a true friend.Next, Huck finally sees Jims verity toward him, so Jim he said he would stand the first half of it for me (chap. XX), keeping a special watch not waking him on his turn, I went to sleep, and Jim didnt call me when it was my turn (chap. XXIII). Even the short(p) things lik e not waking Huck, show more than just an undying friendship. The symbolism of a self-aggrandizing man and a babe had more effect instead of having two grown men, because a child needs a father figure. Jim fit the description and perfectly provided that for him. The mutual affection between Huck and Jim will even lead them to sorts of cave ins.When Huck discovers that Jim has been take hold ofd, Huck must decide whether to turn in Jim and tell Miss Watson, or accept going to blaze. He finally chooses hell when he says, I took it letter to Miss Watson up, and held it in my hand. I was a-trembling, because Id got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute and then says to myself All right, then, Ill go to hell, and tore it up. (chap. XXXI) Hucks sacrifice for his friend Jim, a man he has come to view as a father, forces Huck to accept a life of everlasting pain and anguish.In reality, Hucks sacrifice is a noble and atypical achievement, allowing Huck to unknowingly be bound for heaven. Jims sacrifice, although small in his own mind, is in fact one of the bravest sacrifices made throughout this book. For example, after Tom gets shot in the leg, Jim displays his concern for Tom as he says, No, sah-I doan budge a step outn dis place dout a doctor not if its forty year Despite all of the racist and harsh tricks Tom has played on Jim, Jim risks his life to save his friend. Rather than abandon Tom, Jim is willing to risk his freedom to save Toms life.Moreover, as Jim makes this brave sacrifice, Huck thinks to himself, I knowed he was white inside. (chap. XL) Through Jims sacrifice for Tom, Huck discovers that all men, including blacks, are in fact equal. Huck no longer looks down upon Jim as a nigger, but rather as an equal human being. Lastly, the doctor describes Jims heroic sacrifice to the Phelps and tells them that, He aint a bad nigger and I never see a nigger that was a better nuss or faithfuler, and yet he was risking his freedom to do it save Tom. (chap.XLII)Jim risked his freedom to save an insolent, racist white boy who had treated him, not as an equal, but as an inferior, unequal nigger. Jims sacrifice is clearly an act of bravery far more heroic than the sacrifice Huck made earlier in the novel. Huck and Jims sacrifices for each other, however different, also pay many similarities. For example, Huck and Jim both think they are sacrificing themselves for a friend. Huck sacrifices himself for a black friend he has come to sleep together as an equal. Similarly, Jim sacrifices himself for a friend, when in reality, he is risking his freedom to save the life of a racial bigot, Tom.In addition, both sacrifices have as a consequence a life of everlasting hell. When Huck sacrifices himself for Jim, he accepts a literal hell (that is truly the path to heaven). Jim, on the other hand, accepts a life of tropical hell in slavery, when he is in fact free all along. Finally, each sacrifice shares irony , in that they were both based on unknown pieces of unknown, but significannot pieces of information. Huck is unaware that his decision of accepting hell will actually lead to his salvation and ironically decides on doing what the thinks is wrong.Likewise, Jim is unaware that he is free, and is not risking his freedom in saving Tom. In making these two brave sacrifices, Huck and Jim achieve a higher(prenominal) character than if they had chosen easier paths. Hucks willingness to face hell to protect Jim and Jims willingness to face capture and slavery to save Tom, both contribute to the overall theme of racial equality/inequality present throughout the book. Huck and Jims journey down the Mississippi River has led them to look past colour boundaries, and discover that all me are created equal.

Convexity and Nonsatiation

Checking the lentiformity and nonsatiation self-confidences EC201 LSE Margargont coquette October 25, 2009 1 Nonsatiation 1. 1 1. 1. 1 The simple story De? nition and conditions for nonsatiation Informally nonsatiation means that more is better. This is non a precise statement, and it is possible to act as with a occur of di? erent de? nitions. For EC201 Nonsatiation means that good can be increased by increasing consumption of one or some(prenominal) goods. If the public utility influence is di? erentiable you should experiment for nonsatiation by ? nding the partial differential gears of the utility obligation. 1. 1. 2Example testing for convexity with a Cobb-Douglas utility variationction A Cobb-Douglas utility attend has the form u(x1 , x2 ) = xa xb where a > 0 and b > 0. Here u(x1 , x2 ) = 12 2/5 3/5 x1 x2 . Assuming that x1 > 0 and x2 > 0 the partial derivatives are ? u ?x1 ?u ?x2 = = 2 ? 3/5 3/5 x2 > 0 x 51 3 2/5 ? 2/5 > 0. xx 51 2 (1) (2) You should note that because the partial derivatives are both stringently1 positive utility is a purely2 increasing contribution of both x1 and x2 when x1 > 0 and x2 > 0 so nonsatiation is satis? ed. 1. 1. 3 Implications of nonsatiation 1.If utility is strictly increasing in both goods hence the indi? erence curve is down sloping because if x1 is increased holding x2 uninterrupted consequently(prenominal) utility is increased, so it is necessary to reduce x2 to demand back to the original indi? erence curve. 2. If utility is strictly increasing in both goods then a consumer that maximizes utility subject to the budget constraint and nonnegativity constraints pull up stakes choose a bundle of goods which satis? es the budget constraint as an equality so p1 x1 + p2 x2 = m, because if p1 x1 + p2 x2 < m it is possible to increase utility by increasing x1 and x2 whilst still satisfying the budget constraint. A number is strictly positive if it is greater than 0. function is strictly increasing in x1 if when x0 > x1 and x2 is held constant at x2 then u x0 , x2 > u (x1 , x2 ). 1 1 The important pose here is that the inequality > is strict. 2A 1 1. 1. 4 Nonsatiation with blameless complements utility A utility function of the form u (x1 , x2 ) = min (a1 x1 , a2 x2 ) is called a perfect complements utility function, but the partial derivative argument does not work because the partial derivatives do not exist at a point where a1 x1 = a2 x2 which is where the solution to the consumers utility maximizing problem eer lie.This is discussed in consumer speculation worked sample 6 1. 2 1. 2. 1 Nonsatiation beyond EC201 Complications with the Cobb-Douglas utility function A really detailed discussion of nonsatiation with Cobb-Douglas utility would note that the partial derivative argument does not work at points where the partial derivatives do not exist. The partial ? u derivative does not exist if x1 = 0 because the formula requires dividing by 0. Similarly the ? x1 ?u formula for requires dividing by 0 if x2 = 0 so the function does not have a partial derivative with ? x2 respect to x2 when x2 = 0.However observe that if x1 = 0 or x2 = 0 then u(x1 , x2 ) = 0, whereas if x1 > 0 and x2 > 0 then u(x1 , x2 ) > 0 so if one or both x1 and x2 is zippo then increasing both x1 and x2 al government agencys increases utility. Thus nonsatiation holds for all values of x1 and x2 with x1 ? 0 and x2 ? 0. 1. 2. 2 much general formulations ?u ?u > 0 and > 0 implies nonsatiation. However these conditions can be ?x1 ?x2 weakened substantially without losing the implication that the consumer maximizes utility by choosing a point on the budget line which is what really matters.For example if utility is increasing in good 1 but decreasing in good 2 so good 2 is in fact a bad the consumer maximizes utility by expenditure all income on good 1 and nothing on good 2. The condition that 2 2. 1 2. 1. 1 Convexity and concavity Concepts Convex sets A set is convex if the straight line connection every two points in the set lies entirely within the set. Figure 1 illustrates convex and non-convex sets. 2. 1. 2 Convex functions A function is convex if the straight line joining each two points on the graph of the function lies entirely on or above the graph as illustrated in ? gure 2.Another way of looking at convex functions is that they are functions for which the set of points lying above the graph is convex. Figure 2 suggests that if the ? rst derivative of a function does not lessening anywhere then the function is convex. This suggestion is correct. If the function has a second derivative that is positive or zero everywhere then the ? rst derivative cannot decrease so the function is convex. This gives a way of testing whether a function is convex. queue up the second derivative if the second derivative is positive or zero everywhere then the function is convex. 2. 1. 3Concave functions Concave functions are important in t he theory of the ? rm. A function is pouch-shaped if the straight line joining any two points on the graph of the function lies entirely on or beneath the graph as illustrated in ? gure 3. Another way of looking at concave functions is that they are functions for which the set of points lying below the graph is convex. Figure 3 suggests that if the ? rst derivative of a function does not increase anywhere then the function is concave. This suggestion is correct. If the function 2 Convexity Mathematically a set is convex if any straight line joining wo points in the set lies in the set. Which of these sets are convex? B A non-convex convex C D convex non-convex Figure 1 Convex sets A function is convex if a straight line joining two points on its graph lies entirely on or above the function. If the second derivative of the function is positive or zero at every point then x2 the function is convex. 0 x1 Figure 2 A convex function 3 A f unc tio n is c on ca ve if a s tra ight lin e j oining tw o po ints on its g ra ph lies en tirely o n or be low the fun ction . If the s ec on d de riva tiv e o f the fun ction is ne ga tive or zero a t e very p oint the n 2 the fun ction is c on ca ve . ca ve 0 x1 Figure 3 A concave function has a second derivative that is negative or zero everywhere then the ? rst derivative cannot increase so the function is concave. This gives a way of testing whether a function is convex. Find the second derivative if the second derivative is negative or zero everywhere then the function is concave. You may ? nd it easier to remember the di? erence between convex and concave functions if you think that a function is concave if it has a cave underneath it. 2. 2 2. 2. 1 Convexity in consumer theory De? nitionThe convexity assurance in consumer theory is that for any (x10 , x20 ) the set of points for which u(x1 , x2 ) ? u (x10 , x20 ) is convex. If utility is strictly increasing in both x1 and x2 so the indi? erence curve slopes downwards the convexity assumption is is equivalent to an assumption that thinking of the indi? erence curve as the graph of a function that gives x2 as a function of x1 the function is convex. ?u ?u > 0 and > 0 so the indi? erence Thus if the test for nonsatiation establishes that both ?x1 ?x2 curves are downward sloping the convexity assumption can be tested by rearranging the equation for an indi? rence curve to get x2 as a function of x1 and u, and then ? nding whether the second derivative ? 2 x2 > 0. ?x2 1 2. 2. 2 Example testing for convexity with a Cobb-Douglas utility function 2/5 3/5 Here u(x1 , x2 ) = x1 x2 . Write 2/5 3/5 u = x1 x2 . (3) Rearranging to get x2 as a function of x1 and u ?2/3 x2 = u5/3 x1 . Holding u constant so staying on the same indi? erence curve ? x2 2 ?5/3 = ? u5/3 x1 ?x1 3 and 10 5/3 ? 8/3 ? 2 x2 = >0 u x1 ?x2 9 1 4 (4) ?u ?u > 0 and > 0 the indi? erence ?x1 ?x2 curve is downward sloping and the preferred set is above the indi? rence curve so the conv exity condition is satis? ed. so on an indi? erence curve x2 is a convex function of x1 . Because 2. 2. 3 Algebra problems You should know how to rearrange equation 3 to get equation 4. If this is causing you problems note ? rstly that equation 3 implies that ? ?5/3 2/5 3/5 2/3 u5/3 = x1 x2 = x1 x2 so x2 = 2. 3 u5/3 2/3 x1 ?2/3 = u5/3 x1 . Beyond EC201 Concavity and convexity can be de? ned algebraically and this is essential if you destiny to prove any results about concavity and convexity rather than appealing to intuition as I have done here.The procedure I have given for checking the convexity condition in consumer theory requires that the ? rst ? u ?u derivatives > 0 and > 0 and does not work with more than two goods. There is a much ? x1 ?x2 more general method write down the matrix of second derivatives of the function u (x1 , x2 ). If this matrix is positive semide? nite everywhere the function is convex, if the matrix is negative semide? nite everywhere the function is concave. You do not need to know about this for EC201. 5

Nurse Culture Assessment

caterpillar tread head CULTURAL ASSESSMENT h swallow uphen Assessment June 14, 2008 Abstract In order to deliver vexation for cargon to unalike goals, nurses atomic number 18 judge to sympathise and provide culturally competent wellness misgiving to divers(a) soulfulnesss. culturally competent care is make outed to the circumstantial needfully of from each one node, while incorporating the individuals beliefs and value (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006, p. 90). By organism culturally competent, nurses are able to help improve wellness outcomes by using cultural knowledge and unique(predicate) skills in selecting interventions that are specific to each customer (Stanhope & Lancaster). on that pointfore, nurses should perform a cultural assessment on every node with whom they interact with (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006, p. 90) to help construe lymph glands perspectives of wellness and illness and discuss culturally appropriate interventions. In this paper, the condition pass on demonstrate how nurses can buoy utilize a cultural heritage assessment tool to help mount a cultural competent nursing care computer programme, which can be referred to in Appendix A and B.By culturally assessing node, nurses pass on be able to identify the needs of culturally diverse individuals and incur out if whats of the essence(predicate) to the refining is really substantial to the person in terms of specific health needs. Introduction In order to deliver nursing care to distinct purifications, nurses are expected to date and provide culturally competent health care to diverse individuals. draws mustiness find out nigh massess traditions, ways of bread and butter, and beliefs round health care so that the appropriate interventions can be planned and implemented to produce culturally positive health outcomes (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006).By being aware of the clients cultural beliefs and knowing about different destinations, nurses may be less j udgmental, more than pass judgment of cultural differences, and less likely to engage in the behaviors that inhibit cultural competence (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006, p. 84). Most importantly, nurses must listen to the clients perceptions of problems and work to repulseher to develop suggestions and recommendations for managing those problems.Therefore, cultural assessments tools run through been developed and are available to help assist nurses integrate professional knowledge with the clients knowledge and practices to accomplish and promote culturally relevant care for a specific client (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006, p. 82). quit I Cultural Assessment of Client A cultural nursing assessment is recognized as a magisterial way to identify the beliefs, values, meanings, and behaviors of people while considering health history, aliveness experiences, and the social and physical milieus in which people live (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2006, p. 5). For this reason, cultural assessments are an essential component in providing quality care to diverse individuals of different cultures. For this reason, the designer used the cultural heritage assessment tool to help assess the pagan culture of Mrs. P. Referring to Appendix A, the outline shows the interview questions and answers collected by the power per Mrs. P. Reassuring the confidentiality of the clients interview, consumption of the cultural heritage assessment tool enabled the actor to gather, classify, and analyze the culture of an American Hindu Indian. picture History of Ethnic and/or Racial Origins The client evaluated by the author was a 35 year old female named Mrs. P who lives in Poway, California. The quick family composition consists of a married woman and a hubby who proficient recently got married. In regards to the clients cultural screen background, the ethnic culture that Mrs. P place with was an American Hindu Indian. Born and raised in Poway, California, Mrs. Ps father and the grandpa rents from the father and lets side were born(p) in Punjab, India, while the fret was born in Utter Pradesh, India. orgasm from India, the clients parents has lived in the joined States for 14 years. Living in Poway since then, Mrs. P grew up in a rural setting and lived with the parents and younger brother until recently moving out when the client got married. With Hindoo as the clients inhering spoken communication, Mrs. P and the brother can only speak Hindi, compared to the mother and father who can both read and speak the native vocabulary. Socioeconomic Considerations With occupation and education, the clients dad has a masters in business and works for Gateway computers.The clients mom has a degree in psychology and is a housewife, and the younger brother has degree from UCSD for perplexity science and economics and works at Boeing. As for Mrs. P, the client works as a teacher, having acquire a bachelors degree in business administration from the University of Califo rnia, Riverside, and Mr. P works as a neuro-surgeon, with a bachelors degree in cellular and molecular biology and in computer engineering, and masters in computer engineering.Receiving no financial assistance, the client go tomed satisfied in the catamenia socioeconomic class of upper middle class because thither are no plans of changing job. currently owning a home with 4 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, a living room, eat room, loft, and patio, the living arrangements for Mrs. P appear sufficient for a future family to live in. Value Orientation consort to Mrs. P, respect for elders, a sizeable education, profound family background and liaisons, organized morality, and good ethics for rescript, are values that are held toweringly within the familys culture.Education and a highly held position in a career are very important because these values determine an individuals status in society. Examples allow in doctors and engineers. Obviously, success is apt within the Indian cult ure. Indians are known for their hard work, vitality and dynamism. However, although looked as highly important, the familys overall characterization of these values do non define who a person is these values are appreciated. Growing up, Mrs. P learned that every action requires imagineing because any decision might have a oppose effect on the family, and how society will react.Family reputation is very important and in the Indian culture, individuals must be careful non to do anything to put down the family name. The Indian culture is very family-oriented, which is wherefore family comes archetypal. In health and in sickness, the family takes care of each other. Cultural Sanctions and Restrictions According to the client, there are no cultural sanction and restrictions that the client is aware of. For the most part, Mrs. P believes that since the parents were vindicated-minded to the fact of living in the United States, a strict Indian culture was not experienced during chi ldhood.The parents understood what kind of environment the children were in and did not expect Mrs. P and the brother to be restricted to an Indian lifestyle. Communication As uttermost as communication is absorbed, Mrs. P informed the author that communication involves all elements of the family, friends, and conjunction. However, the Indian culture upholds the way individuals communicate with family and friend by restricting certain topics when inappropriate. For example, foul language or cozy topics may be considered unacceptable to discuss in front of parents.For the most part, Mrs. Ps family does get along well, which is evident by the clients close relationship with immediate and extended family members. With untold(prenominal)(prenominal) open communication to some extent and having grrust family relationships, Mrs. P fights butt against with all members of the family and takes the conviction to forebode family every a few(prenominal) weeks. Health- cerebrate Be liefs & Practices & Nutrition Health-related beliefs and practices generally emphasize fetching care of the health of all members in the family. According to Mrs.P, health-related beliefs and practices are related to nutrition. The only information that the client provided to the author was that Hindus perceive some foods as hot and some are cold, and therefore, should only be eaten during certain seasons and not in combination. There are different perceptions of hot and cold foods depending on the region of where individuals are from. From these perceptions, foods are thought to continue body functions. In the clients case, Hindus love to cook and eat tralatitious dishes that are perceive as healthy.From raima, cholay, and saag, these Indian dishes are usually made by the clients mother because Mrs. P does not usually make the traditional cultural dishes. As far as any specific nourishmentary restrictions, eating philia is not considered good, but some individuals within the culture still eat meat. With Mrs. P, the client strives on well-balanced meals and does not follow the ideas of hot and cold foods. The only cultural diet that is followed is not eating meat. Cultural Aspects of Disease Incidence In regards to aspects of ailment, the clients culture impost and eliefs often contribute to the decision for medical care and choice of healthcare services. Supernatural forces and excess in human needs are recognized to contribute to illness and disease, regardless of station in life. For example, the client gives that example of eating too numerous sweets will cause round worms and that too much internal activity can be associated with tuberculosis. Even more so, if a disease is knowledgeablely related, the occurrence of such diseases is looked upon as disrespectful if unmarried. In addition, diarrhea can be caused by a variety of ill-timed eating habits.As a result, cultural treatments that may be used include homeopathic medicine, herb tea remed ies, mixing religion and medicine, and observing the individual within a natural environment. In the clients case, a health problem that is currently bear oning the family is high blood pressure. ghostlike Affiliation According to Mrs. P, the clients apparitional preference is Hinduism, which is the same religion for Mr. P and all members of the immediate family. ghostlike beliefs and practices include believing in metempsychosis and in many gods, and occasionally observeing a temple.However, the client does not belong to a ghostly sanctuary nor is an progressive member of any spectral or ethnic organization. Yet, the client does practice the Hinduism when with the family. In the authors opinion, the client expressed ideas for becoming more involved with participate in ghostly or uncanny activities. As for the neighborhood, there are diverse backgrounds of different ethnic cultures and religions within the community. Developmental Considerations The only fulfilments an d tasks fulfilled by the clients family include having both children graduate from college and finding successful careers.With having such high values in education and career, the author is not surprised that the parents consider graduation and a new job as very important achievements that a family member can accomplish. Even more, in the clients sake, getting married, cacographying a new job, and moving into a new home were life changing fulfillments that the client has longed to achieve. As far as failures and achievements, being Indian has affected the fulfillment of achievements and perspectives of failures by placing the pressure to eer be on top of the game. Competition is what brings out the outflank in people and achieves the best results. Growing up, the client was always encouraged to excel. The expectations of families towards children were very high. With Mrs. P, the client strived to be the best because expectations were high and from the authors point of view, the c lient has done very well to be at the point where the client is. Since the clients family first start, the only health and health-related events and experiences that Mrs. P has gone through is dealing with the removal of cataracts in clients fathers eyes.Fortunately for Mrs. P, there have been no immediate deaths or births have taken place since the client has been born. Since the clients the new marriage life, no health related events has occurred. relegate II Self Assessment Health-related Attitudes regarding this Cultural Group From the authors self assessment about health-related attitudes regarding Indians, the author presumed that the most Indians are prone to respiratory infections such as tuberculosis and pneumonia, hypertension, nutritional deficits, and high risk behavior such as alcoholism and cigarette smoking.To be perfectly honest, the main premise that the author had in regards to this cultural groups is that individuals of the Indian culture prone to strive dietar y restrictions, which lead to a number of health problems. In addition, having had an Indian roommate, the author believed that individuals of this culture hold strong cultural beliefs and values because of the parents. Parents have a strong hold in the way Indian children think and behave. From family, friends, school, and community relationships to intimate activities, education, and work, Indians are expected to be smart, careful, and successful in all aspects of life.In the authors opinion, such values and beliefs definitely influence and contribute to the health-related attitudes held by author because American Indians physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of life can eventually affect the health of these individuals. Evaluation of Authors Values, Beliefs, & Practices In regards to the authors values, beliefs, and practices, much of what has been embedded into the value and belief system of the author, including lifestyle practices, has been due to family, f riends, and personal experience.From respect, obedience, and honesty, to work, education, religion, rationality and practicality, and the quality of life and health, the author strives to maintain a positive outlook in life, believes that hard work and determination will lead to a successful career, marriage, and family upbringing, and appreciates life and all the fortunate blessings that are often taken for minded(p) like ambulation, breathing, and a healthy, loving family. Family, school, health, and religion are the most important values that the author holds.As a Catholic, the author believes that paragon has a plan for everything and whether life experiences are good or bad, God has a reason. Although the author does not spiritually attend Church, prayer is often performed at home and at school. With school, education is an important aspect to a successful career. In the authors opinion, knowledge is pertinent to success. Even more so, being aware of beneficial and risky lif estyle practices are necessary to maintain a healthy life. Such practices include exercise, a well-balanced diet, no smoking or drugs, and galosh cozy practices.Obviously, values, beliefs, and practices may affect the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions in life. However, being only 25 years old, the author is aware that there is still so much more to learn about life. Therefore, the author remains open to new ideas and opportunities so that additional knowledge, mistakes, achievements, and failures will continue to add to the authors life experiences. How might Authors values, beliefs, & practices affect Delivery of Nursing Care to this Culture Group?The authors values, beliefs, and practices may affect the delivery of nursing care to this culture group with the inability to read and understand complaints and concerns about health which leads to inaccurate assumptions about patient needs and creates assumptions that may impose ideas and interventions that m ay be unacceptable to the plan of care. Being unable to step outside the authors rap of values, beliefs, and practices may prevent the author from learning about another culture.As a result, the overall affect of delivering nursing care for this culture group is making incorrect assumptions about the needs of the clients and developing a care plan that may serve no benefit in improving the quality of life. Part III- Developing a Plan of Care After culturally assessing Mrs. P, the author identified the clients readiness for enhanced religiosity. With a new marriage, a new house, and a new job, the client expresses concern that being away from the parents may lead to decreasing active lifestyle of practicing the beliefs and practices of the Indian culture.Even more so, the client acknowledges and expresses a desire to maintain the beliefs, values, practices that the parents have taught. Being married to a keep up who does not actively practice the Indian culture, along with dealing with the expected stressors of being a new wife, taking care of a new house, and starting a new job, Mrs. P. strongly believes that maintain the values and practices of the Indian culture may be an effective coping strategy that Mrs. P is willing and ready to do. Obviously, Mrs. P. recognizes the magnificence of the Indian culture and is ready to enhance what had been taught to cope with the new life changes.Referring to Appendix B, the authors goal for the client includes verbalizing the willingness to seek help to regain desired religious beliefs and practices and acknowledging the need to strengthen religious affiliations and become involved in spiritually based programs. These two goals seem appropriate for the client because if Mrs. P is willing to seek help with maintain the Indian culture and acknowledges the need for additional resources to participate in religious activities the client can enhance religiosity within the newly accepted life transitions.Therefore, the interv entions that the author has planned include determining the spiritual state/motivation for growth by ascertaining religious beliefs of family of blood line and climate in which client grew up, discussing clients spiritual commitment, beliefs and values, assisting the client to integrate values and beliefs to achieve a sense of wholeness and optimum balance in daily living by exploring nexus of desire to strengthen belief patterns and customs of daily life, and encouraging participation in religious activities, pietism/religious services, reading religious materials, etc and provide referral to community sources.In the authors opinion, the overall plan of care has been adapted to the specific ethnic or cultural beliefs of Mrs. P because the plan addresses the cultural needs of the client. The interventions are client-centered and do not force any assumptions or beliefs of the author or of any other culture. The client has control of the care given. Even more so, communication, edu cation, and religion being incorporated into the plan of care which were what the client expressed as the values and beliefs that are recognized as important. Hence, arresting what is important to the client. outcome To review, nurses must be able to provide culturally competent care to diverse individuals of different cultures. Culturally competent care can be accomplished by utilizing cultural assessment tools to better understand clients and other cultures in the community. Assessing the culture of an individual is an essential component in providing quality nursing care. In order to provide culturally diverse care, nurses need to take the time to learn about each client who the client is, what the client feels and, most importantly, what the client needs.By doing so, nurses will be able to tailor a plan of care that implements interventions that are best appropriate to a clients specific need, delivering quality nursing care, especially when of a different culture. References D oenges, M. , Moorhouse, M. , & Murr, A. (2006). Nurses pocket guide Diagnoses, prioritized interventions, and rationales (10th ed. ). Philadelphia, PA F. A. Davis. Stanhope, M. & Lancaster, J. (2006). Foundations of nursing in the community (2nd ed). St Louis, MO Mosby, Inc. Appendices Appendix A Cultural Assessment of Client I. truncated History of Ethnic and/or racial origins of the cultural group with which the client identifies Q1. What ethnic culture do you identify with? A1. American Indian. Q2. Can you describe a brief history of your ethnic culture? A2. Okay. Q3. Where were your parents born? Where did they grow up? A3. India Punjab (dad) mom U. P (Utter Pradesh) Q4. Where were your grandparents born? A4. India Q5. Mothers parents? A5. Punjab India Q6. Fathers parents? A6. Punjab India Q7. How many siblings do you have? A7. 1 younger brother. He is 28 years old.I am 35 years old. Q8. What setting did you grow up in? urban or rural? A8. Ive lived in Poway, California, all my life. I love it here. My area looks more rural than urban. There is a lot of open land and green grass. Were near the mountains so we are pretty far from the city life. Q9. What is your native language? A9. Hindi Q10. Do you speak this language? A10. Yes, everyone in my family can. Q11. Do you read your native language? A11. No, just my parents. Q12. Was your original family name changed? A12. No. Well, I just recently got married, so I adopt my husbands name now.Q13. How old were you when you came to the US? (if applicable? ) A13. I was born in U. S. A. My parents, on the other hand, came about 14 years ago. Q14. Who lived with you growing up? A14. Parents and brother II. Values Orientation Q1. What does your culture value? A1. Respect for elders, good education, good family background and connections, and good ethics for the society. Religion is also important. Our culture strives on hard work, vitality, and dynamism. Q2. Compared to western culture, how do you value achievem ent, materialism, ducation, work, equality, understanding of the environment, rationality and practicality, orderliness, and the quality of life and health? (in terms from your culture, if different? ) A2. I value all these things, especially education and high status in career is important. The type of careers you do are also very important and sets your status in society (doctors and engineers looked upon highly). Growing up, I learned the reputation was highly looked upon so whatever I did, I had to think before I act. Q3. How does your family value these things? A3.My family believes these are also all important, but they do not see these things as items that define a person, but they do appreciate these things. For the most part, upholding the family name and image in society is an important aspect in our culture because family comes first. My family is very family-oriented and respect is expected within our immediate and extended relationships. III. Cultural Sanctions and Rest rictions Q1. Any cultural sanctions and restrictions? A1. None that I am aware of. If there were, I certainly was not informed. I guess because my parents do not carry the Indian culture as strict as other families.They try to be very open-minded to living in the United States and understanding the kind of environment that me and my brother live in. IV. Communication Q1. How does your family communicate with each other? A1. We chew up to everyone, openly and respectfully. We talk to family, friends, and the people of the community. Q2. How does culture affect the way you communicate to family and with friends? A2. Certain things might not be accepted to be talked about in front of parents such as foul language or sexual topics. Q3. Does your family get along? A3. DefinitelyFamily is very important, unless something is inappropriate or unacceptable, then that causes problems. except for the most part, being close to family is an essential aspect of our culture. Q4. Have you or do y ou maintain middleman with Q4a. Aunts, uncles, cousins? Brothers and sisters? Parents? A4a. Yes, especially since I travel out of the house. I try to remain in close contact with everyone. Q5. Did most of your aunts, uncles and cousins live near your home? A5. Yes Q6. How often did you visit family members who lived outside of your home? A6. Every few weeks V. Health-related beliefs and practicesQ1. Does your culture believe in traditional health beliefs or practices? A1. Much of what we believe in is related to nutrition. What we eat affects the way we function. For example, some foods are hot and some are cold, and therefore, should only be eaten during certain seasons and not in combination. Depending on what region individuals are from, different families have a different perspective of hot and cold foods. Hindus love to cook and everyone has their own perception of healthy foods, so individuals usually cook dishes that they believe are nutritional to how one may function.Q2. D o you follow any traditional health beliefs or practices? A2. No, not really. I eat whatever my mom used to cook for me. still now that I moved out, I cook whatever I have in the fridge. I dont really believe in the hot and cold stuff. Q3. Do you do anything to keep healthy or prevent illness? A3. Just eat right and workout. I try to eat well-balanced meals and exercise. VI. Nutrition Q1. Do you prepare foods special to your ethnic background? If yes, describe. A1. I dont make them since I dont know how, but my mom makes many different dishes and I enjoy eating them. rajma, cholay, saag) Q2. Are there specific dietary restrictions in your culture? A2. Eating meat is not considered good in our culture, but people still eat it. I, on the other hand, have kept that dietary restriction so I dont eat meat. VII. Socioeconomic considerations Q1. What is your familys occupation and education? A1. Well, my dad has masters in business and he works with Gateway computers. mammary gland is a housewife brother works at Boeing and got a degree from UCSD for management science and economics. Q2. Do you receive financial assistance? A2. No Q3.Are there any plans of changing jobs to earn a little more income? A3. Well, I just recently got hired as a teacher and I have no plans for changing my career any time soon. Honestly, my husband makes money that is definitely sufficient for our income, and I am very fortunate to find a successful man. Q4. Do you own or rent a house? A4. Eventually, we plan to own the new house we just moved into. Q5. How are living arrangements? A5. We currently own a home with 4 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, a living room, dining room, loft, and patio. I love it here. Were the only ones living in the house right since we just moved in.So there is a lot of privacy and a lot of space. We are ready to start a family. XIII. Organizations providing cultural support Q1. Are there any organizations that provide cultural support for you or your family? A1. No, but I m very interested in finding out every since I got married. XIV. Educational background Q1. Describe your educational background? And your husband? A1. I have a BS in Business Administration and my husband has a bachelors degree in cellular and molecular biology and in computer engineering, and masters in computer engineering. Q2.Describe your parents educational background? A2. Dad masters in business, mom has degree in psychology XV. Religious affiliation Q1. What is your religious preference? A1. Hinduism Q2. Describe your religious background, beliefs, and practices. Does your family attend Church? A2. Believe in reincarnation and many gods, occasionally attend a temple. For the most part, since Ive moved out and my husband is not that religious, I tend to practice Hinduism at home and when Im with my family. My parents strive on religion and since Ive moved out, I feel like I am not as active as I used to be.Q3. Is your boyfriend/girlfriend the same religion as you, if any? A3 . Yes, husband is same religion, but he doesnt really practice any religious or spiritual activities. Q4. Is your girlfriend/boyfriend the same ethnic background as you? A4. Yes, he is also an American Indian Q5. Do you live in a neighborhood where the neighbors are the same religion and ethnic background as yourself? A5. No, diverse backgrounds in our apartment complex Q6. Do you belong to a religious institution? A6. No, but I think it would be great if I was. Q7. Would you describe yourself as an active member?A7. No. But again, I think being newly married I think that being religious and spiritual may be a good thing. Its hard to find the time to participate in religious or spiritual activities, but being a new wife with a new home and job, I think it would be good for me. Q8. How often do you attend your religious institution? A8. Very rarely anymore. I used to with my parents. Q9. Do you practice your religion in your home? A9. Yes Q10. Are your friends from the same religious background as you? A10. No Q11. Are your friends from the same ethnic background as you?A11. No XVI. Cultural aspects of disease incidence Q1. What does your culture believe in when it comes to aspects of disease? A1. Disease and illness is often thought be caused by our cultures customs and beliefs. From metaphysical forces to having excess human needs, individuals can be affected regardless of education and status in life. just about examples I can give you is eating too many candies can lead to ringworm, excessive sexual activity can cause tuberculosis, and diarrhea can be caused by not eating a well-balanced diet. Q2. Any cultural treatments? A2.Some like homeopathic medicines, herbal remedies, others like to mix religion with medicine and observe the patient with the natural environment. Q3. How does your culture view the occurrence of diseases? A3. If its a sexual disease it can be looked upon as disrespectful if you are unmarried. Q4. Are there any health problems that cou ld affect your family now? A4. High blood pressure XVII. Biocultural variations Q1. Are you any other culture too Indian? A1. No. Full American Indian. XVIII. Developmental considerations Q1. Describe family achievements and tasks fulfillment since your familys start? A1.My parents best achievement, as they always tell me, was having me and my brother. Other than that, my family has not had significant achievements. With a stable career and a good neighborhood, my parents have had a good life without changing their line of profession or participating in life-changing events. However, me and my brother graduated from college and have found successful careers. Even more so, I just recently got married and my parents are very proud of me to have found such a good man at the right time. Q2. How has your culture or ethnic identify affected fulfillment of achievements or failures?A2. Growing up, my parents always encouraged me to excel. The expectations of each member were high. From wor k to school to even household chores, my parents expected the best out of me. In our culture it is expected to always be at the top of your game. This makes you fate to always strive for the best and reach for the stars. Q4. From your familys first start, what health and health-related events and experiences have happened? A4. Well, since I got married, there havent been any significant health-related experiences to note. Yet, during my family first start, my dad recently had his cataracts taken out.Other than that, I have been blessed with a healthy family for the most part. Appendix B Plan of Care Interventions Rationales A. Nurse will determine spiritual state/motivation for growth by A. Early religious train deeply affects children and is carried on ascertaining religious beliefs of family of origin and climate in whichinto adulthood. Any conflict may familys beliefs and clients current client grew up. learning may need to be addressed. B. Discuss clients spiritual comm itment, beliefs and values. B. Enables examination of these issues and helps client learn more about self and what he or she desires. C. Nurse will assist client to integrate values and beliefs to achieve C.Becoming aware of how these issues affect the individuals daily life a sense of wholeness and optimum balance in daily living by exploring can enhance ability to incorporate them into everything he or she does. connection of desire to strengthen belief patterns and customs of daily life. D.Nurse will enhance optimum wellness by encouraging participating in D. Encouragement allows individual to pursue what he or she wants and religious activities, worship/religious services, reading religious referrals allow clients to become aware of what options are available. materials, etc and provide referral to community sources. Nursing DiagnosisReadiness of Enhanced Religiosity related to life changes secondary to getting married, a new house, and a new job AEB by clients desire to strengthen religious belief patterns and customs that had provided comfort in the past, request for assistance to increase participation in religious beliefs through prayer, and requests for referrals to religious affiliation. Goal 2 uncomplaining will acknowledge need to strengthen religious affiliations and become involved in spiritually based programs of own choice Goal 1 Patient will verbalize willingness to seek help to regain desired religious beliefs and practices Interventions